Cappuccino vs. Latte: The Difference and How to Make Both At Home

In this guide, we’re cutting through the confusion surrounding cappuccinos and lattes. If you’ve been looking for a straightforward breakdown of the differences between these two coffee classics and step-by-step instructions on how to make them at home, we’re here to help. Whether you lean towards the frothy delight of a cappuccino or the smooth richness of a latte, we’ll spell out the distinctions in espresso ratios, milk textures, and overall flavors.

No need for barista jargon or intricate details—we’re here to simplify the coffee experience for you so you can make both of these drinks yourself at your home coffee bar (no pricey coffee shop necessary). Join us as we demystify the art of crafting both cappuccinos and lattes so you can always enjoy a professionally made cup right in your own kitchen. Let’s skip the complexity and dive straight into making your favorite coffee just the way you like it.

What Is a Cappuccino?

A cappuccino is generally characterized by its three-layer structure, each layer having an equal ratio. The base is a shot of rich, dark espresso, which provides a strong coffee foundation.

Steamed milk composes the second layer, which contributes a creamy consistency and tempers the intensity of the espresso.

The final layer, a defining characteristic of the cappuccino, is the milk froth. The convenient use of a milk frother creates this top layer of airy, whipped foam that’s thick enough to support a sprinkle of chocolate or cinnamon without collapsing.

What Is a Latte?

A latte, short for the Italian “caffè latte,” which means “milk coffee,” is a creamy and smooth coffee beverage that’s gained popularity across the globe for its indulgent yet balanced flavor profile.

It begins with a base of one or two shots of espresso, depending on the desired intensity. This strong coffee foundation is then infused with a generous amount of steamed milk, which mellows the espresso’s boldness and imparts a rich, velvety texture to the drink.

The ratio of milk to espresso in a latte is much higher compared to a cappuccino, typically around three to one, with the emphasis on the milk rather than the coffee.

Step-By-Step Guide to Making a Cappuccino

1. Begin by grinding your coffee beans to a fine consistency suitable for espresso. For a single cappuccino, you’ll need one shot of espresso (seven to nine grams of coffee).

2. Brew your espresso shot using your espresso machine. If you’re using a Moka pot or percolator, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for brewing.

3. While the espresso is brewing, pour cold milk into a milk pitcher. Whole milk is the recommended option for the best froth, but alternatives can also work. The amount of milk should be roughly equal to the volume of espresso, as you’re aiming for a 1:1:1 ratio.

4. Use the steam wand on your espresso machine to steam the milk. Angle the wand slightly off-center in the milk, just below the surface to create a whirlpool effect. This helps heat the milk evenly and introduces air to create foam. Heat the milk to between 150°F and 155°F (65°C and 68°C), until it’s hot to the touch but not scalding.

5. After steaming, tap the milk pitcher on the counter to remove any large air bubbles and swirl the milk to keep it creamy.

6. Position the milk frother at the top of the steamed milk and froth until you achieve a thick, creamy texture. The foam should be velvety and have very fine, uniform bubbles.

7. Pour the steamed milk into the brewed espresso, tilting the cup slightly and starting from a low height. As the cup fills, gradually bring the pitcher higher to allow the milk to blend with the coffee while keeping most of the foam inside the pitcher.

8. Once you’ve poured the majority of the steamed milk, use a spoon to hold back the foam while you allow the remaining milk to join the mixture. Then, spoon the frothed milk on top to create the final layer of your cappuccino.

9. For an authentic touch, garnish with a sprinkle of cocoa powder or cinnamon, if desired.

Step-By-Step Guide to Making a Latte

1. Begin with quality espresso beans, grinding them to a fine consistency suitable for espresso extraction. You’ll need one or two shots of espresso for your latte, depending on your preference for coffee strength.

2. Brew your espresso using an espresso machine. If one is not available, you can use a stovetop espresso maker to produce a concentrated coffee base.

3. While the espresso is brewing, fill a milk pitcher with milk, considering the larger volume needed for a latte. Whole milk is best for its richness, but any choice of milk will suffice.

4. Steam the milk using the steam wand of your espresso machine. Aim to create a silky texture without introducing too much air, which is crucial for a latte’s microfoam. Heat the milk to the optimal temperature of around 150°F (65°C), ensuring it is warm but not scalding.

5. After steaming, swirl the milk in the pitcher to maintain its smooth texture. Avoid creating excessive froth, as it’s not the highlight of a latte.

6. Pour the steamed milk directly into the cup containing the brewed espresso. Start from a low height and gradually raise the pitcher as you pour, allowing the milk to mix with the espresso. The goal is to achieve a creamy blend with a small, light layer of foam on top.

7. If you have a milk frother, use it briefly to produce a light froth to garnish the drink. Remember, the froth should be minimal.

8. Complete the pour by spooning a small amount of froth onto the beverage. At this stage, you can create latte art by skillfully pouring the froth, but this is an optional step.